International Journal of Experimental Dental Science

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VOLUME 8 , ISSUE 2 ( July-December, 2019 ) > List of Articles

REVIEW ARTICLE

Local and Systemic Effects of Fluoride in Alginate Impression Materials: A Review

Faiez N Hattab

Keywords : Alginate, Bioavailability, Biological fluids, Caries inhibition, Enamel, Fluoride release

Citation Information : Hattab FN. Local and Systemic Effects of Fluoride in Alginate Impression Materials: A Review. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2019; 8 (2):51-57.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1192

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 23-07-2020

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2019; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim: To review local and systemic effects of fluoride (F) in alginate impression materials. Background: Alginate is the most frequently used impression material in dental practices. The alginate powder contains F compounds as an integral ingredient. Materials and methods: Reviewed articles are categorized into three main categories: laboratory studies including F release, enamel solubility, and enamel F uptake. Animal experiment assessed the anticaries effect of topically applied F and release of F from subcutaneously implanted alginate. Human studies involved F distribution from alginate impressions to saliva and circulatory system as well as alginate ingestion and inhalation of the alginate dust. Review results: In vitro and in vivo findings indicated that alginate continuously released F in aqueous solution. Topical application of alginate resulted in significant enamel F uptake and reduced enamel solubility. Animal experiment showed that topically applied alginate resulted in a significant inhibition of caries. Subcutaneously implanted alginate continuously released F. Human studies revealed that F in alginate impression are readily taken in and distributed to saliva and blood. Deliberately ingested alginate raised plasma F to considerable level. The F inhaled from emitted alginate dust did not elevate the plasma F level. Conclusion: The outcome of this overview indicates that alginate impression materials are rich source of F delivery to dental tissues, oral fluids, and systemic circulation. Clinical significance: The beneficial local effects of F in alginate impression materials have been discussed. On the other hand, alginate impressions elevate the plasma F levels if the pooled saliva is swallowed or part of the material is accidentally ingested. Dental professionals require to familiarize with these aspects.


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