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Chapter 13.2 Functional Anatomy of the Eye

BOOK TITLE: Understanding Medical Physiology: A Textbook for Medical Students

Author
1. Bijlani R.L.
ISBN
9788180612213
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10999_88
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2004
Pages
5
Author Affiliations
1. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Chapter keywords
eyeball, white sclera, vascular choroid, iris, ciliary body, light-sensitive retina, tears, lacrimal glands, dioptric apparatus, lens, zonular fibres, suspensory ligament

Abstract

This chapter discusses functional anatomy of the eye, where function of the eye is to form an image of the surroundings and transmit it to the brain. The eyeball is housed in the orbit, a bony structure which protects almost the entire eyeball. The outermost layer is the tough and white sclera, which continues anteriorly as the transparent and more convex cornea. The middle layer is the vascular choroid, which forms the iris and ciliary body anteriorly. The iris shows a pattern of rays, rings and spots which is very obvious in those with light coloured eyes. The innermost layer is light-sensitive retina, which stops short anteriorly near the ciliary body. The exposed part of the eye is kept moist by a thin film of tears, where tears are secreted by the lacrimal glands. The dioptric apparatus of the eye consists of the cornea and the lens, where the lens is kept in place by zonular fibres or the suspensory ligament, which in turn is attached to the ciliary body.

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