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Chapter 10.1 Getting Introduced to Reproductive Physiology

BOOK TITLE: Understanding Medical Physiology: A Textbook for Medical Students

Author
1. Bijlani R.L.
ISBN
9788180612213
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10999_11
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2004
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
1. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Chapter keywords
chromosomes, zygote, characteristic appearance, condensed chromatin, reproductive function, urogenital ridge, fertilization, mullerian ducts, hormone secretion, gametogenesis, limbic system, target organs, embryogenesis, sexual differentiation, homeostasis, hypothalamic content

Abstract

This chapter discusses getting introduced to reproductive physiology, where sexual differentiation begins before birth, and continues after birth, assuming high visibility during puberty. The key factor in reproduction is the differentiation of individuals into two types, male and female. Sex is determined by genes. Genes are located on chromosomes. Cells of a female have two X chromosomes while the cells of a male have only one. Sex determination by the type of chromosomes inherited by an individual during fertilization is only the first step in sexual differentiation. Several parts of the brain are influenced by sex hormones. Secretion of sex hormones is subject to feedback regulation. Sex hormones have various target organs. During embryogenesis, both male and female embryos go through an indifferent phase when they are indistinguishable. Gonads have two primary functions such as to produce gametes and to secrete sex hormones. Sex hormones have various target organs.

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