This presentation focus on some recent technical developments in magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of the human brain, involving the use of 3 Tesla magnets and phased-array receiver coils, and also present some recent studies in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). For MRSI with phased-array coils, it is desirable to generate a single, combined MRSI dataset with uniform sensitivity and optimal SNR at each point in space. A similar approach as in single-voxel spectroscopy can be applied for combining multichannel data on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Parallel encoding has been previously described for proton MRSI of the human brain. As MRSI scan times are usually long, acceleration factors of 2 or more offer substantial scan time savings. Lipid contamination is a potential problem with SENSE-MRSI, as pericranial lipid is located close to the phasedarray coils, and the reduced FOV folds the lipid into the brain. ADEM is a rare, inflammatory demyelinating disease that principally involves the brain and spinal cord. It affects children and young adults, commonly after an infectious disease or immunization. Typically, ADEM is a monophasic disease characterized by focal neurological signs and symptoms, with 50 percent of the cases having a complete recovery, usually within a few weeks or months. In the acute phase of ADEM, lesions pathologically are characterized by areas of perivenous demyelination, with infiltration of inflammatory cells, edema and sometimes hemorrhage. It would appear that the degree of myelin breakdown or inflammation in ADEM (with good outcome) may be insufficient to cause significant accumulation of Cho, and irreversible white matter damage. MRI T2 hyperintensity in ADEM lesions would, therefore, appear to reflect a greater component of vasogenic edema as opposed to irreversible demyelination. Proton MRSI may be helpful in distin-guishing ADEM from other pathologies that may sometimes be considered in the differential diagnosis; for instance, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, or mitochondrial diseases.