It is not uncommon to find developmental disturbances affecting the orofacial region. Unless associated with systemic problems, they do not necessitate special consideration in treatment. Well-established information on simple genetic control of specific traits, in addition to knowledge of gene frequency within a population, is often adequate to provide a basis for counseling. It is best for most of the practicing dental surgeons to refer the patient’s parents to specialized genetic counselors to ensure that next born has a little better chance at normal life. It is estimated that 70 per cent of the patients with craniofacial anomalies have a definite genetic component in the etiology. Prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal, metabolic and single gene disorders has become a major part of genetic services allowing parents to know whether or not their unborn child is affected.