Examination of the spine is one of the forgotten topics in clinical medicine. This chapter gives its readers a thorough, relevant and schematic approach to examine the spine and to clinically evaluate spinal cord lesions. Inspection and palpation form utmost important parts of evaluation of spine. Before evaluating the cord abnormalities, the readers should be aware about the anatomy of the spinal cords and various spinal tracts that has been beautifully described in the text. Shoulder pain, which is a very common symptom now-a-days, may have neurological origin. It is very hard to believe that a clinician has or will never come across a patient with backache. Therefore, it is required that a medical student should gain knowledge regarding the causes, types and methods of evaluating a case of backache. This chapter also includes the topic- Referred pain (to spine) from various visceral diseases.