Author’s view points on the use of pre-operative antibiotics, physiotherapy, estrogen treatment for atrophic vaginitis, etc. in combating post-operative retention of urine is given initially. Physiology of micturion, pathology of overactive bladder, postoperative voiding problems, and catheter-associated bacteriuria are described. The role of cutting of the innervations of uterosacral ligament while severing it during hysterectomy in causing pelvic organ function is elaborated. Management strategies like catheterization and pharmacologic therapy is explained. Use of Propantheline, Tolterodine, Oxybutirinin chloride, Flavoxate hydrochloride, alpha adrenergic antagonists, Phenoxybenzamine, Tricyclic antidepressants, Prasympathomimetic agents, Prostaglandins are described for the treatment of various bladder dysfunctions like stress incontinence, urge incontinence and retention of urine. Prevention and management of catheter induced UTIs is elaborated.