To learn and understand the role of genetic mapping of tuberculosis bacillus as diagnostic modality for differentiating different mycobacterium species. The genius mycobacterium comprises more than 70 species, the majority of which are relatively slow growing, harmless saprophytes found in soil and water. There are several very close relative of M. tuberculosis, namely M. africanum, M. bovis, M. microti that are collectively referred to as the M tuberculosis complex. Genomic has provided a wealth of new information about the tuberculin bacilli that will considerably facilitate future biomedical research on this important organism. Converting this knowledge in to wisdom affordable new drugs and vaccine to combat disease represents the next scientific challenge.