North-east India comprising of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and Sikkim, is one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse regions of Asia. This region is extremely rich in biodiversity of medicinal plants and is included as one amongst the 25 most biodiverse regions of the world. The people of the north-east region are totally dependent on herbal plants as medicine and food for which the people are still ignorant to many a dreaded diseases and allopathic medicine. But, this rich ecological biodiversity of the whole north-eastern region is at stake due to over exploitation, illegal trading, poaching, urbanization, etc. This has resulted in the loss of natural habitat and depletion of the bioresources of medicinal plants. So, it is important that a viable strategy has to be taken to conserve the surviving population of medicinal plant species from further loss. Therefore, in situ and ex situ conservation accompanied by biotechnological techniques for conservation and mass propagation of the important medicinal plant species is an another urgent need of the hour. Moreover, it is desirable to have a sustainable utilization and ‘need based’ approach to research on medicinal plants including screening of plants for biological activity upto phytochemical analysis. With these views in mind, exploration, conservation and utilization of medicinal plants of north-eastern region of India with special reference to DRL, Tezpur have been highlighted.