The importance of traditional system of medicine has now been recognized all over the world. The north-eastern states fall under two well-recognized phytogeographical zones of India- the eastern Himalayas (Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim) and the Assam (all other states of north-east region). 1000 plants have been recorded from the region, which are used as medicine by the local people. The north-eastern region has still remained unexplored because of various reasons particularly difficult terrain. The medicinal plants form a part of social and cultural life of the tribes who are well aware of their medicinal properties. The north-eastern region is the home of a number of primitive societies. The present paper covers mainly the Assam and Arunachal Pradesh.The focus is given to the plants used mostly by Bodo, Rabha tribe and Assamese community in Assam and Nishi, Aka, Miji and Monpa tribe in Arunachal Pradesh. 66 ethnomedicinal plants are provided with the correct botanical name, family, local name, and very brief note of the plant, parts and its use. It would be a wise and timely step to encourage the scientific screening of indigenous medicine system.