Heat therapy stands atop in physiotherapy. Even in the treatment of fracture the heat therapy regulates blood circulation, reduces stiffness and swelling. Infra red rays immediately subsides pricking pain. The ultrasonic therapy produces two physiological effect namely thermal effect and non-thermal effect; the thermal effect is to pain relief and to reduce stiffness and non-thermal effect deals with tissues. This chapter includes wax therapy, infrared radiation, interferential therapy and short wave diathermy and TENS. In IFT only most important a few programs are described. Purposes, advantages and precautious of the heat therapies have been stated. The application, advantages and contradictions of Cold Therapy is included.