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Chapter-14 Endocrine disorders

BOOK TITLE: Partha’s Fundamentals of Pediatrics

Author
1. Menon PSN
2. Bajpai Anurag
ISBN
9788184480214
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10588_14
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2007
Pages
28
Author Affiliations
1. Jaber Al-Ahmed Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait, Jaber Al-Ahmed Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Jaber-Al-Ahmed Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait, Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi; Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait, Jaber-Al-Ahmed Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait, Indian Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology 2011-12; Jaber Al-Ahmed Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, e-mail: psnmenon@hotmail.com, AIIMS, New Delhi, India, Jaber Al-Ahmed Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait, Email: psnmenon@hotmail.com, AIIMS, New Delhi, e-mail: psnmenon@hotmail.com, Jaber Al-Ahmed Armed Forces Hospital, PO Box No 5819, Salmiya 22069, Kuwait, Armed Forces Hospital, Kuait, Jaber Al-Ahmed Anned Forces Hospital, Kuwait
2. Kanpur, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, Haryana, India, Regency Hospital Limited, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh Fortis CDOC, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, Haryana, India, Regency Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Regency Center for Diabetes Endocrinology and Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, Haryana, India, Center for Hormone Research, Royal Children’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia, 3052, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia, Regency Hospital Limited, A2 Sarvodaya Nagar, Kanpur; Fortis CDOC, B16 Chirag Enclave, New Delhi, India; Fortis Memorial Research Institute Gurgaon, Haryana, India, Regency Hospital Limited, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Fortis CDOC, Fortis Memorial, Research Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India, Regency Hospital Limited, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, AIIMS, New Delhi, India, Royal Children’s Hospital Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Melbourne
Chapter keywords
adrenal androgen¸ secretion, sexual maturity¸ kallmann syndrome, hyperprolactinemia, rickets, radiological evidence, oral vitamin¸ nutritional deficiency, therapeutic potential¸ ectopic calcification, renal failure, dihydroxyvitamin, hypoparathyroidism, clinical features, intramuscular injection, adrenal insufficiency, steroid synthesis¸ specific clinical features, hydroxylase

Abstract

This chapter discusses various endocrine disorders of children in detail. Nutritional therapy is an important aspect of management of short stature. This should include appropriate dietary advice and if necessary hematinics and zinc supplementation. Radiotherapy may halt the progress of the pituitary adenoma, and also bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, is associated with lowering of circulating GH levels in patients with acromegaly. In children with secondary hypothyroidism cortisol replacement should be initiated before thyroid replacement as increased metabolism of steroid hormones induced by thyroxine can precipitate adrenal insufficiency. Hyperaldosteronism should be initially managed with salt restriction and anti-aldosterone agent spironolactone. Swimming, running, and playing outdoor games should be encouraged in child obesity. Various surgical techniques used in treatment of obesity include jejuno-ileal bypass, gastric bypass, and vertical band gastroplasty. In precocious puberty, premature development of sexual characters, girls with evidence of virilization and advanced bone age should be investigated with DHEA and 17OHP levels with ultrasound of abdomen.

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