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Chapter-18 Poisoning and Toxic Ingestion

BOOK TITLE: Partha’s Fundamentals of Pediatrics

Author
1. Murthy SR Kesava
ISBN
9788184480214
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10588_18
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2007
Pages
18
Author Affiliations
1. Kempe Gowda Medical College, Bangalore
Chapter keywords
venom, ampoule, dysfunction, nitroglycerine, renal failure, hematological manifestations, hypertrophy, specific treatment, envenomation, antisnake venom¸ palamneus swammerdami, pathetic nervous systems, limb immobilization, digoxin, iron, diagnosis¸ antidote, electrolytes, acid base disturbances, hypotension

Abstract

This chapter discusses various aspects of child poisoning and toxic ingestion in detail. General guidelines on management of poisoning include identify the poison, quantification of poison, symptomatic and supportive measures, prevention of continued absorption, and enhancement of elimination. Administration of specific antidote, correction of pathophysiology, and counseling regarding prevention of poisoning, are also important is such a situation. Poisoning caused due to hydrocarbon, iron, barbiturate, salicylate, corrosive¸ paracetamol, and organophosphorus, is discussed. To prevent poisoning in children it is recommended to teach children about poisonous substances and how they can produce death, hazardous substances should not be stored in refrigerator, and discard old and expired medicines and substances from your cabinet. In poisonous snake bite, antivenom is very effective if administered early especially within 4 hours after envenomation. In case of bee sting, airway breathing and circulation must be attended to immediately and epinephrine is the drug of choice for anaphylaxis.

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