India is home to 45 million diabetics, the highest in the world. Faced with an alarming rise, it is need of the hour to develop good understanding about this problem. Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disorder of elderly that includes multisystem involvement. A team approach is essential to improve glycemic control, adherence to therapy and thus, quality of life. A regular exercise program of moderate intensity reduces the requirements for insulin or oral medication in patients with DM. The possible mechanisms are increased glucose use by muscle and improved muscle sensitivity to insulin. However, these metabolic effects of exercise can increase risk of hypoglycemia. Thus, exercise does not always improve the glucose control. Hence, the exercise program should be tailored carefully. This chapter deals with precautions that should be observed during exercise in diabetics in addition to diabetic complications.