Cancer is one of the major causes of death. Treatment of cancers is still unsatisfactory due to certain characteristics of the cancer cells. Since most anticancer drugs act on the rapidly multiplying cells, they are also toxic to the normal rapidly multiplying cells in the bone marrow, epithelial cells of the skin and mucous membranes, lymphoid organs and gonads. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic, immunosuppressant and radiomimetic effects. Cyclophosphamide is used in Hodgkin’s lymphoma, leukemia in children and as an immunosuppressive agent. Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist and also an immunosuppressant. It is curative in choriocarcinoma and is used in acute leukemias, breast cancer, and soft tissue carcinoma and in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Purine antagonists are converted to active metabolites in the cells which inhibit protein synthesis. Mercaptopurine is used in acute leukemias, choriocarcinoma and some solid tumors. Pyrimidine antagonists inhibit DNA synthesis; 5 fluorouracil is used in carcinoma of the stomach, colon, rectum, breast and ovaries. Anticancer antibiotics include daunorubicin and doxorubicin, mitomycin and bleomycin. Epipodophyllotoxins are used in testicular and lung cancers. Vinca alkaloids are used in leukemias and lymphomas. Vinblastine is used in testicular tumors. Various hormones and hormone antagonists are also useful in the treatment of cancers.