Thyroid cancer is the commonest endocrine malignancy but is generally considered indolent given its survival figures especially for well-differentiated cancer. The anaplastic thyroid cancer is though, one of the most lethal malignancies known with median survival of four to five months. Thyroid cancer encompass mainly four groups of malignancies with distinct natural history, treatment and prognosis, namely well differentiated thyroid carcinoma (papillary, follicular, and Hurthle cell cancer), anaplastic carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma and lymphoma.