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Chapter-26 Ebstein's Anomaly

BOOK TITLE: Clinical Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease

Author
1. Satpathy M
2. Bhattacharyya AK
ISBN
9788184481617
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10126_26
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2008
Pages
9
Author Affiliations
1. Haripur Road, Dolamundai, Cuttack, Odisha, India
2. Guwahati Medical College, Guwahati, Guwahati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

Ebstein’s anomaly is due to abnormal displacement of tricuspid valve inside the RV cavity creating a small functional RV chamber and an atrialised RV. The septal and posterior leaflets are usually displaced apically with a large anterior leaflet which is tethered to RV wall. There occurs tricuspid regurgitation of variable severity. Rarely the displaced valve may be stenotic. Symptoms vary from neonatal heart failure to symptom free adulthood depending on the severity of deformity. When a cyanotic child is relatively asymptomatic with huge cardiomegaly, multiple heart sounds and murmurs, diagnosis is Ebstein’s anomaly. Cyanosis present in infancy may disappear to reappear in adulthood. Palpitation is often present due to associated pre-excitation and supraventricular arrhythmia. ECG shows right atrial enlargement, P wave may be very tall in V1 called Himalayan P. QRS complexes are small with RBBB pattern and absent RVH. Type B pre-excitation may be present. X-ray findings are marked cardiomegaly with narrow pedicle and diminished vascularity. This anomaly can be diagnosed with fair accuracy alone by clinical examination or by ECG or by radiological findings. Echocardiography confirms the diagnosis delineating the abnormal attachment of tricuspid valve, atrialised chamber and degree of TR. Medical management includes decongestive therapy, antiarrhythmic drugs, besides radio-frequency catheter ablation. Surgery is the definitive way of management.

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