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Chapter-06 Cord Blood Banking: Current Status and Future Implications

BOOK TITLE: Advances in Obstetrics and Gynecology (Volume 2)

Author
1. Deka Deepika
2. Mohanty Sujata
3. Seth Tulika
ISBN
9788184483048
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10031_6
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2008
Pages
14
Author Affiliations
1. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India; Genetic and Fetal Medicine Committee FOGSI, All India Instiute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, Obstetrics and Gynecology AIIMS, New Delhi, AIIMS, New Delhi, AIIMS, New Delhi, India, New Delhi, India, AIIMS New Delhi-110029, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Genetics and Fetal Medicine Committee (FOGSI)-(2007-2010), India, Perinatal Medicine Committee Association Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Delhi (AOGD), India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Genetics and Fetal Medicine Committee (FOGSI)-(2007-2010), India, Perinatal Medicine Committee Association Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Delhi (AOGD), India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New D
3. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical, Sciences, New Delhi, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

Stem cells are progenitors of several cell lineages. The sources have been peripheral blood stem cells, bone marrow and now umbilical cord blood (UCB). Umbilical cord blood has been investigated as a potential source of mesenchymal stem progenitor cells while it has always been known as a rich source of hematopoietic progenitor cells. UCB derived mesenchymal progenitor cells are readily propagated and expanded in culture and also exhibit immunomodulatory function. Hematopoietic stem cells can either be autologous or allogeneic. Cord blood collection is best done with placenta in utero in an efficient and in a timely manner. On an average 50–70 ml blood is needed, HLA typed and screened for infectious agents. Advances in cryopreservation allow low temperature maintenance of variety of cell types. UCB transplantation in children is a popular option in pediatric age group as many donors are siblings and in the unrelated setting as HSC dose will suffice for most children. On the flip side however, is the high incidence of graft failure and rejection (35%), chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) post umbilical cord blood transfusion (80%) and extensive chronic GVHD (46%). UCBT can be used for adult patients who lack HLA matched sibling or unrelated marrow donor. Trials to overcome these limitations are still underway.

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