Tobacco is the single greatest cause of disease and premature death. Two important factors counter these discouraging statistics: majority of all current smokers want to stop smoking and more than 7 out of 10 smokers visit a physician each year. In addition, we know that there are effective ways for physicians to treat tobacco use and dependence. Therefore, tobacco use and dependence represents an opportunity for physicians to intervene in an epidemic that has brought death and disability to millions.