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Chapter-19 Pediatric Bacterial Infections

BOOK TITLE: The Short Textbook of Pediatrics

Author
1. Gupte Suraj
2. Singh Karnail
ISBN
9788184484694
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10983_19
Edition
11/e
Publishing Year
2009
Pages
26
Author Affiliations
1. Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha, Hisar, India, Mamata Medical College and General and Super Specialty Hospitals, Khammam, Telangana, India, Mamata Medical College/Mamata General and Superspeciality Hospitals, Khammam, Telangana, South India, Mamata Medical College/Mamata, General and Superspecialty Hospitals, Khammam, Telangana, India, Postgraduate Department of Pediatrics Mamata Medical College and Hospital Khammam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Mamata Medical College/Mamata General and Superspecialty Hospitals, Khammam 507002, Andhra Pradesh, India, Mamata Medical College/Mamata General and Superspecialty Hospitals, Khammam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Mamata Medical College and Hospitals, Khammam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Narayana Medical College/Narayana General and Superspeciality Hospitals, Nellore 524002, AP, South India, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore, AP, India, Narayana Medical College/Narayana General and Superspeciality Hospitals, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh (India), Children’s Health Cen
2. Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

The Chapter opens with Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) disease, emphasizing the role of Hib vaccine in drastically reducing the Hib disease in the west and a strong recommendation for use in the developing countries too. Pertussis, a highly communicable infection usually affecting preschoolers, is described in details next. The role of acellular pertussis vaccines, which are supposed to have lower incidence of local, systemic and neurologic adverse effects than the whole cell vaccine and have turned out to be effective both for primary and booster immunization, is stressed. After diphtheria and the rickettsial infection, endemic typhus, an in-depth description of typhoid fever is presented. The emergence of the resistant and multidrug resistant salmonella strains is particular dealt with; so is the bouncing back of the chloramphenicol-sensitive strains after it’s very limited use during past few decades. Though tetanus has considerable reduced in incidence over the past few decades, the topics is discussed in good details to drive home the importance of preventive measures. Leprosy, syphilis, meningococcal infections and toxic shock syndrome receive adequate treatment. Opportunistic infections, including infections due to ordinarily nonpathogenic bacteria and unusual clinical infections with common pathogens are discussed in details. So are the nosocomial infections/hospital-acquired infections with a brief discussion on preventive and control measures. The importance of proper hand-washing is driven home.

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