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Chapter-23 Pediatric Neurology

BOOK TITLE: The Short Textbook of Pediatrics

Author
1. Gupte Suraj
2. Chowdhary Bhavana B
ISBN
9788184484694
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10983_23
Edition
11/e
Publishing Year
2009
Pages
43
Author Affiliations
1. Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha, Hisar, India, Mamata Medical College and General and Super Specialty Hospitals, Khammam, Telangana, India, Mamata Medical College/Mamata General and Superspeciality Hospitals, Khammam, Telangana, South India, Mamata Medical College/Mamata, General and Superspecialty Hospitals, Khammam, Telangana, India, Postgraduate Department of Pediatrics Mamata Medical College and Hospital Khammam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Mamata Medical College/Mamata General and Superspecialty Hospitals, Khammam 507002, Andhra Pradesh, India, Mamata Medical College/Mamata General and Superspecialty Hospitals, Khammam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Mamata Medical College and Hospitals, Khammam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Narayana Medical College/Narayana General and Superspeciality Hospitals, Nellore 524002, AP, South India, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore, AP, India, Narayana Medical College/Narayana General and Superspeciality Hospitals, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh (India), Children’s Health Cen
2. School of Medical Studies, Edinburgh, UK, School of Medical Studies, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Chapter keywords

Abstract

The chapter opens with developmental aspects and then moves on to discuss neurologic evaluation, neural tube defects, pseudotumor cerebri, acute stroke syndromes, Guillain-Barre syndrome, mental retardation, and Down syndrome, cerebral palsy. Description of meningitis incorporates details of bacterial meningitis, tuberculous meningitis, tuberculous encephalopathy and tuberculoma. Encephalitis too is described in details. Then follow hydrocephalus with emphasis on its therapeutic modalities, especially surgical shunts and intrauterine surgical intervention that need further development and sophistication. Complications of the shunt operations include sepsis, obstruction of the shunt, pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale. Amongst the intracranial space-occupying lesions (ICSOLs), brain abscess, subdural effusion, subdural hematoma and neurocysticercosis are discussed threadbare. An illustrated account of craniosynostosis does well to drive home different types of this important entity. The description of convulsive disorders makes a special focus on febrile seizures, chronic recurrent convulsions, status epilepticus, intractable seizures, etc. Finally are described phakomatosis (neurocutaneous syndromes), coma, spasmus nutans, degenerative brain disorders, and paraplegia.

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