This chapter begins with background information essential for understanding ethical and legal issues in TB are first presented. The ethics as they are traditionally understood in the east and west are described. Autonomy, beneficence and non-maleficence, justice are all discussed. Legislation for infectious diseases in India and western countries is discussed. Ethical issues in TB control, such as, relationship of a TB patient with the health care provider, compliance and adherence to treatment, legal issues in TB control are all covered in detail.