This chapter discusses postoperative nutrition of patients undergoing surgical procedures. Preferred route for nutrient delivery is an oral diet. Post surgery diet progression includes clear liquids, easy-to-digest foods and all foods in first step, and regular diet. The average normal requirement of a patient is 0. 8 g of protein/kg/day, and any kind of trauma, including surgery, increases this requirement. The indications for nutritional support should consider premorbid state, current nutritional status, age of the patient, duration of starvation, and degree of the anticipated insult. Types of oral supplements or enteral feeds are commercially available formulas, home blenderised formula, strained meat, strained vegetables, vegetable oil, corn syrup, and water. A large multi-center clinical trial has shown no significant reduction in morbidity or mortality when total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was administered perioperatively to a heterogeneous group of surgical patients.