This chapter discusses use of surgical hemostasis and pharmacological therapies in controlling blood loss during surgical procedures. Hemostasis refers to the physiologic process whereby bleeding is halted. Embolotherapy, method of blocking a bleeding blood vessel, preventing further blood loss, employs chemical agents called sclerosants, mechanical agents that block a bleeding vessel, and liquids that provide a barrier within a bleeding vessel. The increase in laparoscopic surgery has resulted in an increased need for a safe and reliable method of obtaining minimally invasive operative hemostasis. Drains are put in by the surgeon to allow any fluid or air collecting at the operation site or in the wound to drain to the surface while allowing the main wound to heal. Open drains include corrugated rubber drain, Yates\' Drain, and penrose drain. Closed drains include redivac drain, Shirlry\' wound drainage, silastic tube drum, and red rubber tube drain. Low vacuum drainage may be used for several surgical procedures include breast, vascular, orthopedic, gynecology, general and some urological surgery.