Ovarian cancer constitutes as a leading cause of mortality among cancers of female genital tract in the United States. It is an unrecognized threat to women’s health. Its incidence is on the rise in countries like India. The past few years have witnessed an increase in the knowledge and updates of ovarian cancer in terms of epidemiology, screening, biology, risk reduction, histopathological diagnosis, treatment and follow up. The present review intends to focus upon significant aspects of pathological reporting of ovarian tumors, including an overview of screening for ovarian tumors, intra operative frozen section evaluation and tumor grossing, histopathological classification, role of immunohistochemistry in dilemmatic situations; an insight into the role of molecular biology in the pathogenesis of certain tumor types, prognostic parameters and evaluation of post operative neoadjuvant chemotherapy related changes (NACT) and recent developments.