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Chapter-14 Common Communicable Diseases in Children

BOOK TITLE: Pediatric Nursing

Author
1. Datta Parul
ISBN
9788184485684
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11110_14
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2009
Pages
46
Author Affiliations
1. Nursing Training School, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, School of Nursing, Shambhunath Pandit Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial (SSKM) Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial (SSKM) Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; District Hospital, Howrah, West Bengal, India, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial (SSKM) Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Chapter keywords
Communicable diseases, Measles, Poliomyelitis, Hepatitis chickenpox, Mumps, Dengue syndrome, HIV/AIDS in children, Diphtheria, Whooping cough, Tetanus, Tuberculosis, Typhoid fever, Leprosy in children, Hospital acquired infections, Malaria, Filarial, Kala-azar, Amebiasis, Worm infestations.

Abstract

Communicable diseases are major public health problems in India especially among children. These diseases are mainly caused by infectious agents like virus, bacteria and parasites. Common viral infections found in children are measles, poliomyelitis, hepatitis, chickenpox, dengue, mumps and HIV/AIDS. Common bacterial infections in children include tuberculosis, typhoid fever, tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough. Childhood parasitosis is commonly found as intestinal parasitic infestations with amebiasis, giardiasis, worm infestations like round worms, thread worms, hook worms and tape worms. Other parasitic diseases include malaria, kala-azar, and hydatid diseases. Communicable diseases are preventable by vaccination and specific preventive measures. Community awareness about the preventive aspects is important approach to control these communicable diseases. Early identification, regular surveillance and elimination of potential causes are essential as preventive approach. Nursing personnel are responsible for hospitalized care, home based care and educating common people for prevention and management of these problems.

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