Disorders of kidney and urinary tract are mostly seen in pediatric units as both medical and surgical problems. The common conditions are congenital malformations, neoplasm, infections, inflammations, and progressive impairment of renal functions. There are numbers of congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract, which required surgical corrections and supportive management for prevention of renal failure and fatal outcome. Common congenital anomalies of this system include polycystic kidney, hydronephrosis, posterior urethral valve, ectopia vesicae, epispadias, hypospadias, and phimosis. A highly malignant renal tumor is found in children as nephroblastoma or Wilm’s tumor. Prognosis of this tumor depends upon clinical staging, age of the child, size of the mass and histological findings. Other common and important renal diseases are acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, nephritic syndrome, urinary tract infections, acute renal failure and chronic renal failure. Outcome of these conditions depends upon early diagnosis, available treatment facilities, supportive nursing care and social support facilities. Dialysis is an important intervention indicated in case of renal failure as a substitute for some excretory functions of kidney. Both hemo-dialysis and peritoneal dialysis are effective in the management of this condition. Renal transplantation is a significant management indicated in the end stage renal disease in some children.