You will enjoy reading this chapter and find it interesting. Respiratory disease in children is really common and responsible for significant ill health and sadly morbidity worldwide. Here the presentation, investigation and management of common congenital and acquired respiratory disease in children is discussed including congenital lung abnormalities, respiratory infections, asthma, empyema, cystic fibrosis and paediatric sleep disorders. Many of the conditions discussed can be treated very effectively and lead to no long-term problems for the affected child or young person. Some patients with genetic conditions such as cystic fibrosis have long term health problems and your goal will be to manage their condition well so that they can lead the best life they can.