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Chapter-39 Hormones of Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal Cortex, Ovary and Testes

BOOK TITLE: Drug Screening Methods: Preclinical Evaluation of New Drugs

Author
1. Agarwal Renu
2. Halder Nabanita
ISBN
9788184486186
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10244_39
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2009
Pages
42
Author Affiliations
2. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, (India), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110029, India, Dr Rajendra Prasad Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

A hormone is synthesized, stored and secreted by a group of specialized cells known as the endocrine gland. The hormones deliver the message through receptors to bring about changes in cellular functions. An integrated feedback regulation mediated by complex interactions among the hypothalamus, pituitary and peripheral endocrine glands is present, and better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the interactions provides the rationale to diagnose and to treat the endocrine disorder. Various endocrine disorders mostly arise from the endocrine gland dysfunction, which may result in excessive or scanty secretion of hormones resulting in clinical symptoms. The elucidation of the structures of various hormones of different origin with the advancement of the protein chemistry made it possible to produce synthetic peptide agonists and antagonists that play very important role in diagnostic as well as therapeutic application. To evaluate these drugs, various in vitro and in vivo experimental models have been developed. This chapter deals with the different biological screening models of hormones, which are useful to evaluate various natural and synthetic derivatives of hormones for their pharmacological activity.

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