The endocrine system has far-reaching effects in the human body because of it links with the nervous system and the immune system. The nervous system communicate through nerve impulses where as the endocrine system communicate through chemical substances known as hormone and its play role in reproduction, growth and development and regulation of energy. The system composed of glands or glandular tissues that produce store and secret hormones that travel through the blood to specific target cells throughout the body. The endocrine glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, testes, and pineal. Disorders of the endocrine system are common and have the potential to affect the function of every organ system in the body. Understanding the function of each endocrine gland and the consequences of hypo function and hyper function of each gland enables the nurse to anticipate physiologic changes and to plan interventions to address them. This chapter cover the assessment of endocrine system and also discuss some of the disorders of endocrine glands which includes hypopituitarism, prolactin hyper secretion, growth-hormone-hyper secretion, hypopituitarism, SIADH, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid-cancer, Hypoparathyroidism, Hyperparathyroidism, cushings syndrome, Iatrogenic cushing syndrome, Aldosteronism, Addisons disease, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic ketoacidosis, etc. Each disorders are presented with their etiology, pathophysiology clinical manifestation, diagnostic evaluation, treatment and nursing management with nursing care plans and related procedures.