This chapter discusses nursing considerations in surgery, where nursing care emphasizing attention to preoperative and postoperative needs of individuals undergoing such surgery is delineated with respect to physical function, psychosocial function and quality of life. To achieve optimal care, nurses must partner with head and neck cancer patients and their families in a treatment process. Head and neck cancer nursing is practised at the intersection of many social and cultural forces within a larger national context. Nursing care emphasizing attention to preoperative and postoperative needs of individuals undergoing such surgery is delineated with respect to physical function, psychosocial function and quality of life. Nursing operates in intricate, often tortuous, sociocultural contexts that may limit or defy advancement of cancer nursing as a desirable and well supported specialty. Systems of and structures for nursing education may lag behind general and specialty clinical needs in many countries, again where Head and neck cancer maybe a significant health concern.