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Chapter-013 Nasal Polyposis: Current Concepts in Pathophysiology and Management

BOOK TITLE: Head & Neck Surgery (2 Volumes)

Author
1. Bikhazi Nadim B
ISBN
9788184486797
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10351_13
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2009
Pages
12
Author Affiliations
1. Ogden Clinic, Ogden, Utah, USA
Chapter keywords
nasal polyposis, NP, multifactorial disease, nasal cavities, nasal polyps, chronic rhinosinusitis, stromal edema, cellular infiltrate, arachidonic acid, mucosa, mast cells, eosinophils, monocytes

Abstract

This chapter discusses nasal polyposis (NP), which is a multifactorial disease which results in edematous masses that obstruct the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. Polyps are classified into antrochoanal polyps, isolated large polyps, polyps with chronic rhinosinusitis, polyps with chronic rhinosinusitis, and polyps with specific diseases. The development of a polyp results from chronic inflammation specifically in histological stromal edema with a variable cellular infiltrate. Activation of mast cells, eosinophils, monocytes and macrophages results in arachidonic acid being released from cellular membranes which increases cysLT formation via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. The surface of the nasal polyps is often covered by the same mucosa that lines the respiratory tract, pseudostratified columnar epithelium. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of medical management of NP, being the only class of medication shown to have proven efficacy in reducing the signs and symptoms.

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