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Chapter-008 Fungal Rhinosinusitis

BOOK TITLE: Head & Neck Surgery (2 Volumes)

Author
1. Souza Chris de
2. Rodrigues J Peter
ISBN
9788184486797
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10351_8
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2009
Pages
13
Author Affiliations
1. The International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Lilavati Hospital and Holy Family Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; SUNY Brooklyn, New York, USA, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai; Lilavati Hospital and Holy Family Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; SUNY Brooklyn, New York, USA, Lilavati Hospital Holy Family Hospital, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
2. St Georges Hospital
Chapter keywords
fungal rhinosinusitis, eukaryotic spore, filamentous fungi, chlorophyll, moulds, trehalose, glycogen, Potassium hydroxide, calcoflour, systemic antifungal agents, Aspergillosis

Abstract

This chapter discusses fungal rhinosinusitis, where fungi include several thousand species of eukaryotic spore bearing organisms that obtain simple organic compounds by absorption. Fungi have no chlorophyll and reproduce by both sexual and asexual means. The filamentous fungi are called moulds while the unicellular fungi are called yeasts. Fungi possess a characteristic range of storage compounds like trehalose, glycogen, sugar, alcohols and lipids. Invasive and noninvasive manifestations of fungal rhinosinusitis are divided into five distinct entities, such as acute invasive, chronic invasive, fungal balls, saprophytic colonization, and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) preps or calcoflour white stains should be obtained of material suspected top contain fungus. Principles of treatment of fungal infections include reversal of the cause of immunocompromise, administration of systemic antifungal agents, and surgical debridement. Aspergillosis refers to several forms of disease caused by a fungus in the genus Aspergillus.

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