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Chapter-58 Agricultural Poisons

BOOK TITLE: Review of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology

Author
1. Biswas Gautam
ISBN
9788184487176
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10737_58
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2010
Pages
8
Author Affiliations
1. Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India, Dayanand Medical College , Ludhiana, Punjab, India, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, E-mail: forensicdmc@gmail.com
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Abstract

This chapter discusses various agricultural poisons in detail. These include organophosphorus compounds (OPC), endrin, naphthalene, paraquat, and pyrethrins and pyrethroids. OPCs and carbamates are extensively used as pesticides for soft-bodied insects in agriculture. Signs and Symptoms of OPC poisoning include nicotinic or autonomic ganglionic and somatic motor effects, CNS effects, and muscarinic or parasympathetic manifestations. Treatment from endrin includes gastric lavage done and emetics, animal charcoal and cathartics are given. Naphthalene causes hemolysis with blocking of renal tubules and hepatic necrosis. Contact with naphthalene dust on bedding can lead to dermatitis, conjunctivitis, vomiting, headache, jaundice and hematuria. Poisoning due to paraquat, used as herbicide and weed-killer, can be treated with charcoal hemoperfusion and gastric lavage with water and emetics are contraindicated. Pyrethrins, extracted from crysanthemum cinerariaefolium plant, prolong the inactivation of the sodium channel by binding it in the open state. In chronic cases of exposure, the patient gets sensitized with allergic manifestations.

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