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Chapter-60 Medicinal Poisons

BOOK TITLE: Review of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology

Author
1. Biswas Gautam
ISBN
9788184487176
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/10737_60
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2010
Pages
7
Author Affiliations
1. Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India, Dayanand Medical College , Ludhiana, Punjab, India, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, E-mail: forensicdmc@gmail.com
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Abstract

This chapter discusses various medicinal poisons in detail. The action, signs and symptoms, treatment, and postmortem findings of various medicinal poisons such as paracetamol, antipsychotic drugs, antihistaminics, tricyclic antidepressants, benzodiazepines, acetylsalicylic acid, and chloral hydrate, are discussed. Paracetamol (PCM), after absorption, is metabolized by glucuronidation and sulfation and by cytochrome P450 oxidase system. For a suspected case of poisoning with antipsychotic drugs, administration of diphenhydramine results in resolution of dystonia or oculogyria. In case of antihistaminics poisoning, there is severe central nervous depression, and death results from respiratory failure or cardiovascular collapse. Flumazenil, an antidote of benzodiazepines, selectively blocks the central effects of benzodiazepines by competitive inhibition. Chloral hydrate poisoning can be treated by gastric lavage with alkaline solution, hemodialysis, and flumazenil 0. 1 mg as infusion upto a total of 3 mg.

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