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Chapter-03 Surgical Antomy

BOOK TITLE: Tragal Cartilage in Middle Ear Reconstruction

Author
1. Desarda KK
ISBN
9788184487305
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11097_3
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2009
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
1. KEM Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India; BJ Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

The tympanic membrane is approximately 8 × 10 mm. It is oriented at approximately 55 degrees with the floor of the meatus. The greater part of the circumference is thickened, and forms a fibrocartilaginous ring (also known as the annulus or annular ligament) which is attached to the tympanic sulcus at the medial end of the meatus (scutum). The annulus and sulcus are deficient superiorly which is known as the notch of Rivinus. The anterior and posterior malleolar folds extend to the lateral process of the malleus from the two ends of this notch. The triangular area created above these folds is known as the pars flaccida and is called such because it lacks the middle fibrous layer that gives tensile strength to the rest of the membrane. This characteristic makes it vulnerable to retraction under negative pressure. The rest of the membrane is called the pars tensa. The handle of the malleus is firmly attached to the inner surface of the TM as far as its center, which projects towards the tympanic cavity. The Three auditory ossicles.

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