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Chapters-14 Disorders of Leucocytes and Lymphoreticular Tissues

BOOK TITLE: Pathology Quick Review and MCQs

Author
1. Mohan Harsh
ISBN
9788184487787
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11098_14
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2010
Pages
41
Author Affiliations
1. Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

This chapter discusses the abnormalities pertaining to the granulocyte-monocyte cell line and the lymphoid cell lines. Lymph nodes undergo reactive changes in response to a wide variety of stimuli which include microbial infections, drugs, environmental pollutants, tissue injury, immune-complexes and malignant neoplasms. The most common causes of lymph node enlargement are inflammatory and immune reactions, aside from primary malignant neoplasms and metastatic tumour deposits. Chronic nonspecific lymphadenitis, commonly called reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, is a common form of inflammatory reaction of draining lymph nodes as a response to antigenic stimuli such as repeated attacks of acute lymphadenitis and lymph from malignant tumors. The presence of enlarged lymph nodes of more than 1 cm diameter at two or more extra-inguinal sites for more than 3 months without any other obvious cause is frequently the earliest symptom of primary HIV infection. Infectious mononucleosis (IM) or glandular fever is a benign, self-limiting lymphoproliferative disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), one of the herpesviruses. Leukaemoid reaction is defined as a reactive excessive leucocytosis in the peripheral blood resembling that of leukaemia in a subject who does not have leukaemia. Neoplastic proliferations of white blood cells— leukaemias and lymphomas, are the most important group of leucocyte disorders.

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