The chapter starts off with definition of endodontics, indications for root canal treatment, procedural steps in root canal treatment, principles of access cavity preparation, anatomy and morphology of pulp chamber, principles of radicular cavity preparation, concepts and strategies in root canal instrumentation or preparation, ideal requirements in root canal filling material, various different obturation techniques. The chapter finishes off with discussion on pulpotomy its indications various methods and strategies with pulpotomy procedure.