Genetic services provide genetic information, education and support to patient and families with genetic related health concerns. Genetics professionals, including medical geneticists, genetic counsellors, and advanced practice nurses in genetics provide specific genetic services to patient and families who are referred by their primary health care providers. This chapter deals in detail with genetic testing (meaning, purpose of genetic testing, types of genetic testing, genetic test techniques, benefits of genetic testing, negative outcomes for genetic testing, interpretation of genetic test results, ethical, legal and social issues of genetic testing and role of nurses in genetic testing); Gene therapy (meaning, types of gene therapy, approaches of gene therapy, vectors used in gene therapy, shortcomings of gene therapy, facts of gene therapy, pharmacological gene therapy, ethical issues regarding gene therapy and role of nurses in gene therapy); Genetic counselling (meaning, purposes, beneficiaries, phases of genetic counselling and role of nurses in genetic counselling). It also deals in detail about human genome project, genomic era, the eugenic movements and pharmacogenomics).