Among the numerous new chemotherapy (CHT) agents that appear to be active in the treatment of lung cancer, given either alone or with radiotherapy (RT), Paclitaxel has been most intensively studied. A variety of pre-clinical and phase I-III clinical studies have clearly shown that it is active against non-small cell lung cancer. Given as a single agent or in platinum-doublets, with or without RT, it seems to improve results over those obtained via more traditional (second generation) CHT/RT combinations. More clinical research, however, is needed to better optimize the use of this agent in the comprehensive management of non-small cell lung cancer.