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Chapter-44 Cultured Limbal Stem Cell Transplants in Ocular Surface Diseases: Our Experience and Review of Literature

BOOK TITLE: Surgical Techniques in Ophthalmology: Corneal Surgery

Author
1. Sharma Ashok
ISBN
9788184488579
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11369_44
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2010
Pages
4
Author Affiliations
1. Dr Ashok Sharma’s Cornea Centre, Sector 22-A, Opp. Parade Ground, Near Bus Stand, Chandigarh, India, Dr Ashok Sharma’s Corneal Centre, SCO 833-834, 2nd Floor, Sector 22-A, Chandigarh, India, Cornea Centre, SCO 833-834 (2nd Floor), Sector 22-A, Near Bus Stand, Opp Parade Ground, Chandigarh, India, Dr. Ashok Sharma’a Cornea Centre, SCO 833-34 (2nd Floor), Sector 22-A, Opp. Parade Ground, Near Bus Stand, Chandigarh, India, Dr Ashok Sharma’s Cornea Centre, Chandigarh, India, Dr. Ashok Sharma’s Corneal Centre, SCO 833-834 (2nd Floor), Sector 22-A, Chandigarh, India, Dr. Ashok Sharma’s Cornea Center, SCO 833-34 (2nd Floor), Sector 22-A Opp. Parade Ground, Near Bus Stand, Chandigarh, India, Malhotra Test Tube Baby Centre, Agra, Indra Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India, Scientific Pathology Laboratories, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India, Dr Ashok Sharma’s Cornea Centre, SCO 833-834, IInd Floor Sector 22-A, Chandigarh, India
Chapter keywords
ocular surface disorders, ocular morbidity, ophthalmologists, limbal stem cell disorders, limbal stem cell transplants, corneal epithelial defects

Abstract

Ocular surface disorders constitute a major cause of ocular morbidity and poses challenge to the ophthalmologists. This chapter introduces the basic concepts of limbal stem cell disorders and finally describes the role of limbal stem cell transplants, amniotic membrane grafts and cultured corneal epithelial or stem cell transplants. The existence of stem cells responsible for cellular maintenance is identified for a number of other cells population including the epidermis and intestinal epithelium. Following corneal epithelial injury, healing is dependent upon centripetal movement of the most proximal, viable epithelial cells. For small corneal epithelial defects, adjacent corneal epithelium fills the defect. A complete corneal epithelial defect requires epithelium from the limbus whereas in extensive corneal and limbal injury, the surrounding conjunctival epithelium is the only source for epithelial regeneration. Limbal stem cell deficiency disorders, diagnosis of limbal stem cell deficiency, surgical treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency, and cultured limbal stem cell transplants are explained.

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