The dental experience is often believed to be associated with pain. Many dental procedures are considered painful such as drilling teeth, injections, extractions of teeth, root canal treatments, etc. Parents, who have had past painful or traumatic dental experiences, often feel that the children would have to go through the same. Even if a child does not have a past experience, he or she may be informed about ‘pain’ in relation to dentistry both appropriately and inappropriately. The dental experience may not always be enjoyable, but certainly is not always painful. There are many unpleasant stimuli in relation to various dental situations which are actually much less intense and cannot be termed as ‘painful’. The chapter discusses following aspects of pain management in Pediatric Dentistry. 1. Pain perception of children. 2. Pain tolerance of children. 3. Fears of children and pain. 4. Use of anesthesia and analgesia in pain management. 5. Successful behavior modification of the child. 6. The dentist’s approach to the child’s pain.