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Chapter-08 Diseases of the Retina

BOOK TITLE: Manual of Ocular Pathology

Author
1. Biswas Jyotirmay
2. Krishnakumar S
3. Ahuja Shweta
ISBN
9788184489125
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11243_8
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2010
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
1. Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Ind, Sankara Nethralaya, A Unit of Medical Research Foundation, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara, Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India, Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Shankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Medical and Vision Research Foundations, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Medical and Vision Research Foundation Sankara Nethralaya, 18, College Road Chennai, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India
2. Medical and Vision Research Foundations Sankara Nethralaya, 18, College Road, Chennai, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India, Kumars’ Maternity and Surgical Nursing Home, Dombivli, Nirmiti Fertility and IVF Center, Thane, Fortis Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, IAGE, ISAR; JK Women Hospital Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, IAGE, ISAR, JK Women Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
3. Medical and Vision Research Foundations Sankara Nethralaya, 18, College Road, Chennai, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

Early engorgement and oedema are the histopathological observations in infarction of the retina. The whiteness of the fundus that is so characteristic of obstruction of the retinal vasculature is due to this underlying choroidal oedema which itself is a consequence of ischemic retina. Serial coronal sectioning of the globe facilitates these findings and demarcation of each layer of the retina helps isolation of pathological changes in the ten layers .Histological evidence can be seen in age related macular degeneration, angioid streaks, hereditary degenerations, infective retinitis, acquired maculopathies and toxic retinopathies. In diabetic retinopathy vascular, hemorrhagic and exudative changes are seen in the non proliferative stage, cotton wool spots and venous beading in the pre-proliferative and neovascularization in the proliferative stage can be seen. However in most situations a diagnosis can be established clinically and the requirement to confirm using histopathology is rare and is predominantly done for retinochoroiditis using biopsy.

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