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Chapter-13 Glaucoma Surgeries

BOOK TITLE: Clinical Ophthalmology: Medical and Surgical Approach

Author
1. Vijaya Lingam
2. Baskaran M
3. George Ronnie
4. Narayanaswamy Arun
ISBN
9789350250044
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11246_13
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2011
Pages
32
Author Affiliations
1. Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India, Sankara Nethralaya Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
2. Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India, Sankara Nethralaya Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Shankara Nethralaya, Chennai
3. Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India., Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara Nethralaya Glaucoma Services; Elite School of Optimetry; Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
4. Sankara Nethralaya Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

This chapter focus on glaucoma surgeries. Thorough knowledge of the corneoscleral or limbal anatomy is essential for performing glaucoma surgeries. The surgical limbus is a blue-gray transition zone between the parallel collagen fibers of the peripheral cornea and those of the anterior sclera. The color of the blue zone results from facilitation of light transmission by the oblique insertion of the clear cornea into the sclera. Apart from the routine instruments used in the cataract surgery, the following instruments are needed for a routine trabeculectomy and external trabeculotomy. The implant surgery requires special instruments, such as the tube holder, extender, etc. which are available commercially. Trabeculectomy, the most commonly performed glaucoma surgery involves creation of a fistula, which drains the aqueous into the subconjunctival space thereby reducing intraocular pressure. Trabeculotomy has been widely used in the management of congenital glaucoma. Success rates for the procedure have ranged from 92.3% at six months 1 to 72.0 to 83.3% at 2 years. Long-term success has been 92.5% at 5 years and 76.5% at 10 years when multiple surgeries were included. In cases with visually significant cataract and glaucoma, com­bined cataract and glaucoma techniques are possible. Depend­ing on the density of the cataract and the available facilities, the surgeon could combine glaucoma filtering techniques with a conventional extracapsular cataract extraction, phacoemulsification or a manual small incision cataract surgery (SICS). The SICS technique is referred to here as the Blumenthal technique. Glaucoma surgery has been associated with a significant morbidity right from its evolution. There is a fine balance that one needs to achieve for a successful outcome with the least possible complications. Viscocanalostomy is a relatively new surgical technique developed for glaucoma surgery and it was first proposed in 1991.

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