The researcher proceeded on the planning of his/her research and acquired knowledge about various study design options available to them, they had to be aware of the various Ethical Issues of Research. This forms the third chapter of this book, wherein begin by introducing the reader to the guiding principles of medical ethics. Then we move on to the relevant guidelines issued by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), covering handling of research proposals by the Institutional Ethical Committee. The chapter also deals with issues like consent, compensation for participation in research, confidentiality, enrolment of vulnerable groups, and areas in which research is either prohibited or restricted.