Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by M. leprae, an acid-fast rod shaped bacillus. The disease mainly affects the skin, the peripheral nerves, mucosa of the upper respiratory tract and also the eyes, apart from some other structures. Leprosy has afflicted humanity since time immemorial. It once affected every continent and it has left behind a terrifying image in history and human memory-of mutilation, rejection and exclusion from society. However, the social picture of leprosy has changed over the last decades. Leprosy is curable disease. Leprosy is more a social issue than a medical problem. Leprosy is more a social issue than a medical problem. As all the leprosy cases are not infectious. Precautions to be taken. Leprosy is not a hereditary disease. Children should be segregated from infections parents. Give patient your compassion, kindness and free him from prejudice against leprosy that is deep rooted. The whole family lives as a social outcast due to social stigma attached to it. Conducting leprosy elimination campaigns promote awareness in the community so that the hidden cases are detected and treated. If it is detected and diagnosed early, it will cure the disease and prevent deformities. Also poverty, ignorance, illiteracy, overcrowding, poor hygiene and unhealthy living conditions are important predisposing factors. Education is the main tool for changing or modifying the health practices. Early case detection, contact survey, group survey, mass survey, examination of house hold contacts will help us to control this health problem. Religious system too play active role in the values of attitudes influencing the life styles and health activities. “Nursing is not only a service to the sick, and it is service also to the well. They have to teach people how to live.” Leprosy is a dreaded disease but it seldom causes death.