In carrying out their professional work, dentists are exposed to a number of occupational hazards. Dental professionals are at risk for exposure to numerous biological, chemical, environmental, physical, and psychological workplace hazards. These hazards include but are not limited to the spectrum of blood borne pathogens, pharmaceuticals and other chemical agents, human factors, ergonomic hazards, noise, vibration, and workplace violence. Various occupational hazards, including those of biological, chemical and physical nature are discussed in this chapter. It also includes a note on prevention of occupational hazards.