Surgery for the treatment of medically-refractory epilepsy has been accepted as a viable treatment option since the late 19th century. Today, epilepsy surgery provides excellent long-term outcomes in properly selected patients. In this chapter, the authors will focus on the comprehensive evaluation of possible surgical candidates and outline the major surgical treatment options used to treat this difficult patient population. A comprehensive epilepsy surgery program requires a well-functioning and integrated multidisciplinary team that includes not only the epilepsy surgeon, but also a team of neurologists, electrophysiologists, neuropsychologists, neuropsychiatrists, neuroradiologists, neuropathologists, epilepsy nurse specialists, and social workers. The evaluation of patients with epilepsy is complex and is best achieved through a systematic approach and rigorous presurgical work-up.