This chapter reviews the pathophysiology and management options of spasticity. Spasticity is a motor disorder characterized by velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes (muscle tone) with exaggerated tendon jerks. Before considering treatment to reduce spasticity, a careful assessment should be done weighing the risks of treatment versus the benefits of reducing the spasticity. In addition to various nonpharmacologic measures, several pharmacologic agents are effective in spasticity management. Triggering factors must be avoided. Early physiotherapy and occupational therapy interventions are quite effective in prevention and treatment of spasticity. The use of more advanced intrathecal and surgical techniques is rarely needed and should be made on an individual basis. There is no operation which specifically reduces spasticity and reestablishes the normal balance tone.