Stereotaxy is the use of three-dimensional coordinates with reference to a known point in order to locate another point. Neuronavigation technique is not new. Probing the brain with a brain cannula to locate a deep seated tumor is one way of neuronavigation, still used by many surgeons. Stereotaxy is the basis for the modern image-guided neuronavigation. Neuronavigation facilitates intraoperative orientation, localization and guidance with a high level of accuracy and precision and has become valuable adjunct in neurosurgery. Neuronavigation can be broadly classified into passive preoperative image based neuronavigation which includes conventional stereotactic procedures including frame or frameless Stereotaxy based systems and active intraoperative real-time image based neuronavigation. Intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring tools also aid in achieving the goals of neuronavigation in their own way.